Difference between Microprocessor and Microcontroller - CodeTextPro

Difference between Microprocessor and Microcontroller

Difference between Microprocessor and Microcontroller

Microcontroller and Microprocessor both terms seem similar but there is a huge difference between these two ICs. Microprocessor only have CPU in the chip like most of the Intel Processors but Microcontroller also have RAM, ROM and other peripherals along with the CPU or processor. Both ICs have different applications and have their own advantages and disadvantages. They can be differentiated in terms of Applications, structure, internal parameters, power consumption, and cost. Let’s see the difference between microprocessor and microcontroller in detail.


Microprocessor

  • Microprocessor is heart of Computer System.
  • It is just a processor. Memory and I/O component have to be connected externally.
  • Since memory I/O has to be connected externally, the circuit became large.
  • Cannot be used in compact systems and hence inefficient.
  • Cost of the entire system increases.
  • Due to external components, the entire power consumption is high. Hence it is not suitable to use with devices running on stored power like batteries.
  • Most of the microprocessor do not have power saving features.
  • Since memory and I/O components are all external, each instruction will need external operation, hence it is relatively slower.
  • Microprocessor have less number of registers, hence more operations are memory based.
  • Microprocessor are based on Von Neumann model/architecture where program and data are stored in same memory module.
  • Mainly used in personal computers.


Microcontroller

  • Micro Controller is a heart of embedded system.
  • Micro Controller has external processor along with internal memory and I/O components.
  • Since memory and I/O are present internally, the circuit is small.
  • Can be used in compact systems and hence it is an efficient technique.
  • Cost of the entire system is low.
  • Since external components are low, total power consumption is less and can be used with devices running on stored power like batteries.
  • Most of the micro controller have power saving modes like ide mode and power saving mode. This helps to reduce power consumption even further.
  • Since components are internal, most of the operations are internal instruction, hence speed is fast.
  • Micro controller has more number of registers, hence the programs are easier to write.
  • Micro controllers are based on Harvard architecture where program memory and Data memory are separate.
  • Used mainly in washing machine, MP3 players.



What is the main difference between microprocessor and microcontroller?

Microcontroller and Microprocessor both terms seem similar but there is a huge difference between these two ICs. Microprocessor only have CPU in the chip like most of the Intel Processors but Microcontroller also have RAM, ROM and other peripherals along with the CPU or processor



What is the difference between microcontroller and embedded system?

Embedded systems are basically electronic systems controlled by microcontrollers which can be controlled by a microprocessor that manages the whole system. A microcontroller is only designed to do a specific task while a microprocessor is general purpose.







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